Bleeding is the primary complication of anticoagulant therapy and is a risk of all anticoagulants even when maintained within the usual therapeutic ranges. These drugs include anticoagulants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs), and cancer chemotherapy agents. Drugs may also be the reason why a patient’s bone marrow function is suppressed which increases the patient’s risk for bleeding. Examples of these conditions include traumatic injury, major organ surgery, and the many inflammatories and ulcerative disorders of the gastrointestinal system like inflammatory bowel disease and peptic ulcer disease. Reduction in the synthesis of clotting factors is due to liver impairment.īleeding risk may arise in any condition that disturbs the “close circuit” integrity of the circulatory system. Increased destruction of platelets is linked to immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). A reduction in the production of platelets from the bone marrow is linked to cancers of the blood and blood-forming organs. Risk for bleeding happens with disorders that reduce the quality or quantity of circulating platelets (thrombocytopenia). Certain diseases like hemophilia interfere with the genetic expression of normal clotting factors. When disease or the outcome of disease treatments confuse the standard mechanisms that maintain hemostasis, a patient may be at risk for bleeding. Gain a thorough understanding of the nursing assessment, diagnosis, and interventions required to effectively manage bleeding risk. By considering their unique needs and promoting their overall well-being, you can provide optimal care. This guide is designed to assist you in developing a comprehensive nursing care plan and implementing appropriate interventions for patients at risk for bleeding or those with hemophilia.
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